Evidence describing a process or system and showing it produces an accurate result falls under which rule?

• A. Rule 901. (b)(6)
• B. Rule 902. (5)
• C. Rule 902. (3)
• D. Rule 901. (b)(9)

Answer: (D)

The main idea is authentication by showing a process or system that reliably produces the result. Rule 901 governs authentication, and one listed method specifically allows admitting evidence by describing the process or system that generates the output and showing that this process yields accurate results. When a document, sensor readout, or similar item is produced by a machine or method, you can establish its authenticity by explaining how the process works, how it’s calibrated or validated, and why those steps reliably lead to correct results. This demonstrates that the item is what it purports to be, without needing the author to testify about every detail of the content itself.

That’s why this option fits best: it directly addresses proving authenticity through the reliability of the process or system that produced the result. Other options point to different authentication methods (such as self-authenticating documents) that don’t focus on showing the reliability of a process, or to other, less directly applicable methods of identifying the item.