Can the presiding judge testify as a witness at the trial?

• A. Yes
• B. No
• C. Only if called by the defense
• D. Only with leave of court

Answer: (B)

The presiding judge may not testify as a witness at the trial. This rule protects the trial's integrity by keeping the judge's role as neutral arbiter separate from presenting evidence. If the judge could testify, it might appear that the judge’s own testimony could influence the outcome or bias the proceedings, which would undermine the jury’s confidence in the process.

The judge still participates meaningfully by ruling on objections, admitting or excluding evidence, and giving jury instructions, but not by offering factual testimony about the case. There aren’t exceptions for being called by the defense or for leave of court; the rule is a general prohibition.